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KMID : 1159320150170020093
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Korean Journal of Vision Science
2015 Volume.17 No. 2 p.93 ~ p.106
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Rat Models of Plasticity in Adult Amblyopia in Response to Environmental Enrichment: A Systematic Review
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Lee Doo-Hwan
Kim Shin-Young
Jang Man-Ho
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study was performed to critically appraise the evidence from adult rat models of environmental enrichment (EE), and discuss its applicability to other species of animals and humans.
Methods: We systematically reviewed bibliographic databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL) from their inception to July 2014 for adult rat studies of EE. Additional studies were identified from the references of the included articles. Methodological appraisal was independently performed by three authors with specified parameters.
Results: Data from 15 animal studies were finally included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the studies consistently showed evidence of visual enhancement of adult rats by promoting visual cortex plasticity, such as reactivation by anatomical alterations, increased visual acuity, changes of ocular dominance, and enhanced behavioral vision. However, methodological weaknesses were identified in the studies.
Conclusion: Findings from this systematic review suggest that the visual cortex of adult rats with amblyopia is still plastic to respond to EE. It is possible to apply EE to adult visual cortex with amblyopia for rehabilitation of the visual system, but disparities in anatomy and lifestyle between animals must be overcome.
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KEYWORD
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Environmental enrichment, Adult amblyopia, Critical period, Visual cortex
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